New words released at qep'a' 29

Due to the ongoing pandemic, just like qep'a' 27 and 28, the KLI's annual meeting of 2022 was held online only on Discord. At this qep'a', about 45 new words and expressions were published.(1)

Vocabulary

This list is in Klingon alphabetical order. Several new words in this list were discovered for Jack Bradley's (DeSDu') translation of Toki Pona: the Language of Good. These are marked with [TP]. Click on the "additional information header" to sort accordingly.

word	type	translation	additional information
cha'DaSvI'	n.	a Klingon game that is similar to golf in that it involves precisely aiming a projectile	Maltz thought Terran golf was far too tame to be referred to as tera' cha'DaSvI'.
chanmon	n.	diamond	gemstone, not the shape
chap	v.	be official, authenticated, authorized, legitimate	[TP]
DItlh	v.	be unavenged
DItlhHa'	v.	be avenged
Dol mI'	n.	integer	[TP] This term was shared in the context of discussing grammatical plurality/singularity: "Dol and ghom can be used to indicate singularity and plurality in grammar: Dol DIp, ghom DIp. (An integer, by the way, is Dol mI'.)"
Du'Qam	n.	type of flower	bigger than your normal everyday Du'QamHom.
Du'QamHom	n.	type of flower	closest Klingon equivalent to a sunflower
ghaQpey'	n.	sex	biological [this means how a body is originally constructed; male, female, or whatever type of biological sex the species has.]
ghew Duj	n.	helicopter (slang)	this term is not used for a VW beetle
ghItlh raS	n.	desk
ghom'oH	n.	slit, slot	Adds the meaning of "slit". This is a thin opening, not used for things like a place on a schedule or organizational chart
gho'lIv	n.	golf (loanword)	There is also a somewhat similar Klingon game called cha'DaSvI'. Maltz wasn't clear on the rules, though he said that, like golf, it involves precisely aiming a projectile. For the Terran game, the loanword gho'lIv is most common. Maltz thought Terran golf was far too tame to be referred to as tera' cha'DaSvI'.
HghHghHgh	n.	onomatopoetic exclamation for laughing	[TP] HghHghHgh is sometimes used, as is HghHgh. These are onomatopoetic exclamations. There's a some standardization, but also lots of variation and creativity.
HuQ'am	n.	gender	identity [this might different from the anatomical sex of a being, and refers to the gender that person identifies with]
jIrwI' Duj	n.	helicopter (slang)	this term is not used for teacups at Disneyland
lew	v.	bloom	used for flowers, but can also be used for leaves
lunglIH Duj	n.	helicopter	This was the most technical term Maltz knew, but there are also slang expressions see below
mIllogh meyrI'	n.	single-panel cartoon	[TP]
mIllogh mIr	n.	comic strip	[TP] Maltz said mIllogh mIr was good for comic strip (or comic). Interestingly, despite its literal meaning, it's used whether there are a number of panels (as in a comic book or most newspaper comics) or just a single panel (like most political cartoons). To specify a single-panel cartoon, one usually says mIllogh meyrI'. This is used whether the shape of the panel is actually a square or not.
mIllogh ngutlh	n.	hieroglyph	[TP] A hieroglyph corresponds to a linguistic element (word, affix, sound, whatever) whereas a pictogram corresponds to a concept or idea. Hieroglyphics is a form of writing; pictograms are not writing. Since ngutlh refers specifically to symbols used to represent language, mIllogh ngutlh makes sense for hieroglyph. A hieroglyphic writing system is a form of logography, that is, a system in which, basically, a character represents a word. So mIllogh ngutlh could be used for the broader logograph as well as hieroglyph. In the Toki Pona book, there's a table of hieroglyphs. In the introduction to this table, it seems the terms hieroglyph and logogram could be used interchangeably, so mIllogh ngutlh remains a good choice. But a distinction is made between these hieroglyphs/logograms (sitelen pona) and another set called sitelen sitelen in which logograms appear combined into single symbols rather than being displayed one after the other. Since the logograms used in the sitelen sitelen system are logograms (though not the same as the logograms in the sitelen pona system), mIllogh ngutlh can be used for these components. All of this boils down to: Sure, mIllogh ngutlh is fine for hieroglyph as used in the book.
ngap	v.	be consonant	in the sense of musical consonance or sympathetic vibrations
ngapHa'	v.	be discordant, dissonant
pIw rebmugh	n.	incense	used regardless of the material the incense is made of
qeQvav	n.	thingamajig
qIS	v.	be libidinous	There are also various slang terms/expressing be randy, horny: Huy – be spicy, be piquant, be hot jIr qIvon – the qIvon twirls roSbe' – does not lick/use the third toe wamtaH – hunting
qurleH	n.	kur'leth	a type of weapon
Qen	v.	be naked, nude
re'chIv	n.	internal organ	[TP]
rong	v.	roast, grill, broil	can be used generally, not just for how Terrans tend to ruin food
ruj	v.	be physical	subject to the laws of physics; could be applied to something corporeal but also to energy
ruryuD	n.	rhinoceros-like animal
SIr'eq	n.	unit of radioactive decay	Maltz didn't know how this compared to becquerel.
Sumlugh	n.	definition	[TP] "By meaning or definition, I assume you mean how a Klingon word would be defined in Klingon (or a Toki Pona word defined in Toki Pona) – that is only one language is involved. Is that correct? The word for definition (as in a monolingual dictionary) is Sumlugh. To say "X means Y" (where X is a word and Y is its meaning or definition or gloss), use ghaS, sometimes along with mu' for clarity: Y ghaS X (mu'). A colloquial (or perhaps slang) way of expressing the definition of a word within the same language – not when translating – is to use 'ang instead of ghaS: Y 'ang X (mu'). X could, of course, be a phrase. If so, it can be followed by either mu' or mu'mey, more frequently the former."
tIlqemchaw'	n.	thingamajig
to'qIpo'na Hol	n.	Toki Pona	[TP] In Toki Pona, the stress is on the first syllable of each word. If it's important to capture that in the Klingon transliteration, consider to'qIpo'na (or even to'qIypo'na).
votlh	v.	be narcissistic
wIllul	n.	a game somewhat similar to bowling
wot chuS	n.	non-stative verb	[TP]
wot nungwI'	n.	preverb
wot tam	n.	stative verb	[TP]
yI'De'	n.	cervid-like animal
yIr'ach	n.	close friend	gender neutral
'eSperanto Hol	n.	Esperanto

Notes on wot tam / wot chuS

Some Klingon grammarians have referred to "stative verbs" as wotmey tam (as opposed to, of course, wotmey chuS).

Dr. Okrand noted that "Using (DIp/wot) DelwI' is fine, I think, for adjective/adverb" (with reference to languages that use those parts of speech)

About pre-verbs Dr. Okrand said "wot nungwI' makes sense to me. Klingon does not have them as a grammatical category, so there's no traditional Klingon term."

Regarding (grammatical) particles, he said:

"Particle" is probably the chuviest of the chuvmey. Generally speaking, in linguistic terminology, a particle is a part of speech that's used with something else (goes with a verb or noun, say), but that, by itself, doesn't mean anything (though it may, in other contexts, be meaningful and a specific part of speech). In English, "up" in phrases like "wash up," "look up" (as in "look up a word in the dictionary"), "hurry up" can be considered a particle, while "up" in phrases like "up in the sky" or "look up" (look upwards) it's a preposition. How do particles work in Toki Pona? How are they – as a group – distinguished from other parts of speech? Or are they true chuvmey – just everything that doesn't have another name? I suspect that's the case – and, if so, chuv is probably fine!

References

1 : New words list of qep'a' 29 at KLI.org, retrieved on July 29, 2022

Weblinks

New Klingon Words (not in the original lexicon) on the KLI webpage
new words list from 2005 to 2014 on qepHom.de (now also part of the updated KLI's list)

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