Type 9 verb suffixes

Type 9 verb suffixes are syntactic markers(1) and can only be attached to verbs. There are 11 suffixes of this type.

when, as soon as

-DI'

if

-chugh

before

-pa'

while

The suffix -vIS is always used in combination with the aspect suffix taH continuous. A very frequently used phrase is qaStaHvIS, literally "while it is happening", but simply translated as "during".

due to, because of

Identical to the type 5 noun suffix, -mo' means "because".

which

-bogh

for, for the purpose of, in order to

The suffix -meH can be used in phrases to express for what purpose the action is going on.

It is also heard in lots of noun phrases, like pe'meH taj cutting knife. See ➞ purpose clause nouns for more words of this type.

Such noun phrases are of course treated as a complete noun and can do the role of the subject or object:
pe'meH pe'meH taj lo'.
In order to cut, he uses a cutting knife

interrogative

-'a'

may, let

The suffix -jaj is often translated as a "wish", such as taHjaj wo' May the Empire endure. When used in traditional toasts, the verb comes last in the toast, such as 'IwlIj jachjaj May your blood scream. The sense of "let" is not that of "allow", but rather when used as romuluSngan wIHoHjaj Let's kill Romulans or batlh Heghjaj Let her die honorably (May she die honorably).

one who does/is, thing which does/is

The suffix -wI' can be compared to the ending "-er" which you can see on words like "work-er" or "teach-er".

When attached to a verb, the new phrase VERB-wI' is a noun with the meaning VERB-er:

So'wI'	cloaking device	thing which does hide
renwI'	architect	one who does design
ghoqwI'	spy	person who does spy on
ghojmoHwI'	teacher	one who does cause to learn

➞ see more at List of -wI' nouns

When attached to an adjective, the usual translation is "person/thing which is ADJECTIVE":

yoHwI'	brave one
DoqwI'	red one

This new word is treated as a noun and can take all noun suffixes that nouns can take.

mupwI'Hom	mallet (small drumstick)
DevwI'pu'	leaders

Just like all other verb suffixes, -wI' can also be combined with other verb suffixes, but not all.

ngaDmoHwI'	stabilizer	canon
leghbe'wI'	one who does not see

Combining with the indefinite subject suffix -lu' would sound odd and if anything at all, would mean something like "indefinite [verb]er" or "unknown [verb]er". It does not refer to the person (or thing) being affected because a noun ending with -wI' is the one doing something, not the one being affected. (2) (3)

nominalizer

The suffix -ghach is described to be attached to verbs with suffixes (4). On the other hand, the rule does NOT say that you are NOT allowed to attach to bare verb stems. That's why words like tulghach have lead to discussions, which usually end with the explanation that this word sounds like "hope-ation" instead of the intended noun "hope".

➞ See -ghach for a detailed explanation.

See also

• Verb Suffixes

Type	Sort	Suffixes
1	Oneself/one another	-chuq, -'egh
2	Volition/predisposition	-nIS, -qang, -rup, -beH, -vIp
3	Change	-choH, -qa'
4	Cause	-moH
5	Indefinite subject/ability	-lu', -laH
6	Qualification	-chu', -bej, -ba', -law'
7	Aspect	-pu', -ta', -taH, -lI'
8	Honorific	-neS
9	Syntactic markers	-DI', -chugh, -pa', -vIS, -mo', -bogh, -meH, -'a', -jaj, -wI', -ghach
R	Rovers	-Ha', -Qo', -be', -qu'

References

1 : The Klingon Dictionary p. 43

2 : Message of May 24, 2020 sent to the mailing list by Jack bradley

3 : Message from Maltz of May 24, 2020 archived on qepHom.de

4 : Addendum of The Klingon Dictionary, p. 176